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Details: Category: NCLEX CAT; Last Updated: May 01 2023

1. A client describes abdominal discomfort following ingestion of milk. Which enzyme, as a result of a genetic deficiency, should the nurse consider to be the cause of the clients discomfort?

Lactase
Sucrase
Maltase
Amylase

2. A client with the diagnosis of cancer of the stomach expresses aversion to meals and eats only small amounts. What should the nurse provide?

Nourishment between meals
Small portions more frequently
Supplementary vitamins to stimulate the client’s appetite
Only foods the client likes in small portions at mealtimes

3. A client has a suspected peptic ulcer in the duodenum. What should the nurse expect the client to report when describing the pain associated with this disease?

An ache radiating to the left side
An intermittent colicky flank pain
A gnawing sensation relieved by food
A generalized abdominal pain intensified by moving

4. Which statement by a client who is scheduled for bariatric surgery indicates to the nurse that further preoperative teaching is necessary?

“I need to eat more high-protein foods.”
“I’m going to have a figure like a model in about a year.”
“I’m going to be out of bed and sitting in a chair the first day after surgery.”
“I will be limiting my intake to 600 to 800 calories a day once I start eating again.”

5. A nurse is teaching an athletic teenager about nutrients that provide the quickest source of energy. Which food selected from a menu indicates to the nurse that the adolescent understands the teaching?

Glass of milk
Slice of bread
Chocolate candy bar
Glass of orange juice

1. A client with ulcerative colitis has experienced frequent severe exacerbations over the past several years. The client is admitted to the hospital with intense pain, severe diarrhea, and cachexia. Which therapeutic course should the nurse expect the health care provider to explore with this client?

Intensive psychotherapy
Continued medical therapy
Surgical therapy (colectomy)
Diet therapy (low-residue, high-protein diet)

2. A nurse obtains daily stool specimens for a client with chronic bowel inflammation. The nurse concludes that these stool examinations were ordered to determine:

fat content
occult blood
ova and parasites
culture and sensitivity

3. A client had a colon resection and formation of a colostomy 2 days ago. What color does the nurse expect the stoma to be when assessing its viability?

Pink
Gray
Brick red
Dark purple

4. A client had surgery for a perforated appendix with localized peritonitis. In which position should the nurse place this client?

Sims
Semi-Fowler
Trendelenburg
Dorsal recumbent

5. A nurse is teaching a client with an acute exacerbation of colitis about the most appropriate diet. Which food selected by the client indicates that the dietary teaching is effective?

Orange juice
Scrambled eggs
Vanilla milkshake
Creamed potato soup

Details: Category: NCLEX CAT; Last Updated: December 06 2023

1. A client is diagnosed with Cushing syndrome. Which clinical manifestation does the nurse expect to increase in a client with Cushing syndrome?

Urine output
Glucose level
Serum potassium
Immune response

2. A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis. What is the initial intervention that the nurse should expect the health care provider to prescribe for this client?

IV fluids
Potassium
NPH insulin (Novolin N)
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)

3. A nurse is monitoring for clinical manifestations of infection in a client with a diagnosis of Addison disease. Which body mechanism related to infectious processes does the nurse conclude is impaired as a result of this disease?

Stress response
Electrolyte balance
Metabolic processes
Respiratory function

4. After a head injury a client develops a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). What should the nurse consider about the response to secretion of ADH before assessing this client?

Serum osmolarity increases
Urine concentration decreases
Glomerular filtration decreases
Tubular reabsorption of water increases

5. A client who has just had an adrenalectomy is told about a death in the family and becomes very upset. What concern about the client requires the nurse to notify the health care provider?

Analgesia and mild sedation will be required to ensure rest.
Steroid replacement medication therapy will have to be reduced.
There is a decreased ability to handle stress despite steroid therapy.
Feelings of exhaustion and lethargy may result from the emotional stress.

Details: Category: NCLEX CAT; Last Updated: May 01 2023

1. A nurse is caring for a client who is admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism. Which action should be included in this clients plan of care?

Ensuring a large fluid intake
Providing a high-calcium diet
Instituting seizure precautions
Encouraging complete bed rest

2. A client with diabetes asks the nurse whether the new forearm stick glucose monitor gives the same results as a fingerstick. What is the nurse’s best response to this question?

“There is no difference between readings.”
“These types of monitors are meant for children.”
“Readings are on a different scale for each monitor.”
“Faster readings can be obtained from a fingerstick.”

3. A clients blood gases reflect diabetic ketoacidosis. Which clinical indicator should the nurse expect to identify when monitoring this client’s laboratory values?

Increased pH
Decreased PO2
Increased PCO2
Decreased HCO3

4. A client is scheduled to have a thyroidectomy. Which medication does the nurse anticipate the health care provider will prescribe to decrease the size and vascularity of the thyroid gland before surgery?

Vasopressin (Pitressin)
Propylthiouracil (PTU)
Potassium iodide (SSKI)
Levothyroxine (Synthroid)

5. For which client response should the nurse monitor when assessing for complications of hyperparathyroidism?

Tetany
Seizures
Bone pain
Graves disease

Details: Category: NCLEX CAT; Last Updated: May 01 2023

1. A client who had an open reduction and internal fixation of a fractured ankle is being discharged. Which behavior indicates the need for further instruction about the use of crutches?

Advancing both crutches with the weaker leg
Leaning axillae on the crutches to support the body’s weight
Transferring the crutches into one hand when sitting in a chair
Moving the crutches before the unaffected leg when descending stairs

2. During an annual physical assessment a client reports not being able to smell coffee and most foods. Which cranial nerve function should the nurse assess?

3. What should the nurse do for a client who just had cataract surgery?

Instruct the client to avoid driving for several weeks.
Teach the client coughing and deep-breathing techniques.
Advise the client to refrain from vigorous brushing of the teeth and hair.
Encourage the client to perform eye exercises to strengthen the ocular musculature.

4. A nurse should expect to identify a loss of which ability when assessing an unconscious client?

Hearing voices
Moving spontaneously
Controlling elimination
Reacting to painful stimuli

5. When caring for a client who has sustained a head injury, it is important that the nurse assess for which clinical indicator?

Slowing of the heart rate
Decreased carotid pulses
Bleeding from the oral cavity
Absence of deep tendon reflexes

1. During a health fair, the nurse takes an adult’s blood pressure and it is 200/120 mm Hg. The nurse should base the next nursing intervention on the understanding that:

there is an increased risk for having a brain attack.
walking around the fair probably raised the blood pressure.
the elevated blood pressure reflects the “white coat syndrome.”
information should be obtained regarding prescribed medications.

2. When helping a client with Parkinson disease to ambulate, what instructions should the nurse give the client?

Avoid leaning forward.
Hesitate between steps.
Rest when tremors are experienced.
Keep arms close to the center of gravity.

3. A nurse administers carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet) to a client with Parkinson disease. Which therapeutic effect does the nurse expect the medication to produce?

Increase in acetylcholine production
Regeneration of injured thalamic cells
Improvement in myelination of neurons
Replacement of a neurotransmitter in the brain

4. What is the maximum amount of time the nurse should allow an older adult with a brain attack to remain in one position?

1 to 2 hours
3 to 4 hours
15 to 20 minutes
30 to 40 minutes

5. A client with myasthenia gravis continues to become weaker despite treatment with neostigmine (Prostigmin). What reason should the nurse identify for the health care provider’s prescription for edrophonium (Enlon)?

Rule out cholinergic crisis
Promote a synergistic effect
Overcome neostigmine resistance
Confirm the diagnosis of myasthenia

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