1. A nurse in the prenatal clinic is providing nutritional counseling for a pregnant woman with a cardiac problem. What should the nurse advise the client to do?

  • Limit the intake of fat.
  • Increase sodium in the diet.
  • Eat a moderate amount of protein.
  • Control the number of calories consumed.

2. Which clients health problem motivates the nurse to question a prescription for a beta blocker?

  • Heart failure
  • Hypertension
  • Sinus tachycardia
  • Coronary artery disease

3. A nurse in the emergency department is assessing a client who was beaten and sexually assaulted. Which is the nurse’s priority assessment?

  • The family’s feelings about the attack
  • The client’s feelings of social isolation
  • Disturbance in the client’s thought processes
  • The client’s ability to cope with the situation

4. A child with P-Thalassemia is receiving therapy that includes multiple blood transfusions. This child is at risk for developing which complication?

  • Serum hepatitis
  • Allergic response
  • Pulmonary edema
  • Hemolytic reaction

5. A client exhibits physical symptoms in response to stress. What nursing intervention may assist the client to reduce the use of physical symptoms as a response to stress?

  • Limit discussions about the problem.
  • Provide information regarding medical care.
  • Teach the client how to eliminate stress at home.
  • Assist the client in developing new coping mechanisms.

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 1. A nurse is teaching a group of parents about child abuse. What definition of assault should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

  • Assault is a threat to do bodily harm to another person.
  • It is a legal wrong committed by one person against the property of another.
  • It is a legal wrong committed against the public that is punishable by state law.
  • Assault is the application of force to another person without lawful justification.

2. A nurse is explaining the nursing process to a nursing assistant. Which step of the nursing process should include interpretation of data collected about the client?

  • Analysis
  • Assessment
  • Nursing interventions
  • Proposed nursing care

3. When being interviewed for a position as a registered professional nurse, the applicant is asked to identify an example of an intentional tort. What is the appropriate response?

  • Negligence
  • Malpractice
  • Breach of duty
  • False imprisonment

4. A newly oriented home health nurse on a first visit checks the client’s vital signs and obtains a blood sample for an international normalization ratio (INR). After completion of these tasks, the client asks the nurse to straighten the blankets on the bed. What is the nurse’s most appropriate response?

  • “I would, but my back hurts today.”
  • “OK. It will be my good deed for the day.”
  • “Of course. I want to do whatever I can for you.”
  • “I would like to, but it is not in my job description.”

5. What is a basic concept associated with rehabilitation that the nurse should consider when formulating discharge plans for clients?

  • Rehabilitation needs are best met by the clients family and community resources.
  • Rehabilitation is a specialty area with unique methods for meeting clients’ needs.
  • Immediate or potential rehabilitation needs are exhibited by clients with health problems.
  • Clients who are returning to their usual activities follow­ ing hospitalization do not require rehabilitation.

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 1. While awaiting the biopsy report before removal of a tumor, the client reports being afraid of a diagnosis of cancer. How should the nurse respond?

  • “Worrying is not going to help the situation.”
  • “Let’s wait until we hear what the biopsy report says.”
  • “It is very upsetting to have to wait for a biopsy report.”
  • “Operations are not performed unless there are no other options.”

2. A nurse explains to an obese client that the rapid weight loss during the first week after initiating a diet is because of fluid loss. The weight of extracellular body fluid is approximately 20% of the total body weight of an average individual. Which component of the extracel-lular fluid contributes the greatest proportion to this amount?

  • Plasma
  • Interstitial
  • Dense tissue
  • Body secretions

3. A client with a terminal illness reaches the stage of acceptance. How can the nurse best help the client during this stage?

  • Accept the client’s crying.
  • Encourage unrestricted family visits.
  • Explain details of the care being given.
  • Stay nearby without initiating conversation.

4. A physically ill client is being verbally aggressive to the nursing staff. What is the most appropriate initial nursing response?

  • Accept the client’s behavior.
  • Explore the situation with the client.
  • Withdraw from contact with the client.
  • Tell the client the reason for the staffs actions.

5. A client is hospitalized with a tentative diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. On admission the client asks the nurse, “Do you think I have anything serious, like cancer?” What is the nurse’s best reply?

  • “What makes you think you have cancer?”
  • “I don’t know if you do; let’s talk about it.”
  • “Why don’t you discuss this with your health care provider?”
  • “You needn’t worry now; we won’t know the answer for a few days.”

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 1. A health care provider orders thigh-high antiembolism stockings for a client with varicose veins. The client’s thighs are heavier than the lower legs, and the stockings fit on the lower leg but are causing discomfort and indentations on the upper thighs. What should the nurse do?

  • Replace the thigh-high stockings with knee-high stockings.
  • Leave the antiembolism stockings off to prevent tissue damage.
  • Roll the top of the stockings to below the knees to limit popliteal pressure.
  • Ask the health care provider if an elastic bandage can be used in place of the stockings.

2. A nurse inspects a two-day-old intravenous site and identifies erythema, warmth, and mild edema. The client reports tenderness when the area is palpated. What should the nurse do first?

  • Irrigate the IV tubing.
  • Discontinue the infusion.
  • Slow the rate of the infusion.
  • Obtain a prescription for an analgesic.

3. A nurse is providing dietary instruction to a client with cardiovascular disease. Which dietary selection by the client indicates the need for further instruction?

  • Whole milk with oatmeal
  • Garden salad with olive oil
  • Tuna fish with a small apple
  • Soluble fiber cereal with skim milk

4. A nurse prepares a client for insertion of a pulmonary artery catheter. What information can be obtained from monitoring the pulmonary artery pressure?

  • Stroke volume
  • Venous pressure
  • Coronary artery patency
  • Left ventricular functioning

5. A client being treated for hypertension reports having a persistent hacking cough. What class of antihypertensive should the nurse identify as a possible cause of this response when reviewing a list of this client’s medications?

  • ACE inhibitors
  • Thiazide diuretics
  • Calcium channel blockers
  • Angiotensin receptor blockers

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 1. What group of clients should the nurse anticipate to have the highest incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphomas?

  • Children
  • Older adults
  • Young adults
  • Middle-aged persons

2. What clinical finding should the nurse expect when assessing a client who had a splenectomy?

  • Lung crackles
  • Pain on inspiration
  • Shortness of breath
  • Excessive secretions

3. A nurse is advising a client about the risks associated with failing to seek treatment for acute pharyngitis caused by beta-hemolytic streptococcus. For what health problem is the client at risk?

  • Asthma
  • Anemia
  • Endocarditis
  • Reye syndrome

4. A nurse uses abdominal-thoracic thrusts (Heimlich maneu-ver) when an older adult in a senior center chokes on a piece of meat. Which volume of air is the basis for the efficacy of the abdominal thrusts to expel a foreign object in the larynx?

  • Tidal
  • Residual
  • Vital capacity
  • Inspiratory reserve

5. A client is started on a continuous infusion of heparin. Which finding does the nurse use to conclude that the intervention is therapeutic?

  • INR is between 2 and 3
  • PT is 2/2 times the control value
  • APTT is 2 times the control value
  • ACT is in the range of 70 and 120

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 1. A client is scheduled for a pulmonary function test. The nurse explains that during the test one of the instructions the respiratory therapist will give the client is to breathe normally. What should the nurse teach is being measured when the client follows these directions?

  • Tidal volume
  • Vital capacity
  • Expiratory reserve
  • Inspiratory reserve

2. A spontaneous pneumothorax is suspected in a client with a history of emphysema. In addition to calling the health care provider, what action should the nurse take?

  • Place the client on the unaffected side.
  • Administer 60% oxygen via a Venturi mask.
  • Prepare for IV administration of electrolytes.
  • Give oxygen at 2L per minute via nasal cannula.

3. A client with a pulmonary embolus is intubated and placed on mechanical ventilation. What nursing action is important when suctioning the endotracheal tube?

  • Apply negative pressure while inserting the suction catheter.
  • Hyperoxygenate with 100% oxygen before and after suctioning.
  • Suction 2 to 3 times in succession to effectively clear the airway.
  • Use rapid movements of the suction catheter to loosen secretions.

4. A nurse assesses that several clients have low oxygen saturation levels. Which client would benefit the most from receiving oxygen via a nasal cannula?

  • Has an upper respiratory infection
  • Receives many visitors while sitting in a chair
  • Has a nasogastric tube for gastric decompression
  • Exhibits dry oral mucous membranes from mouth breathing

5. A chest tube is inserted into a client who was stabbed in the chest and is attached to a closed-drainage system. Which is an important nursing intervention when caring for this client?

  • Observe for fluid fluctuations in the water-seal chamber.
  • Obtain a prescription for morphine to minimize agitation.
  • Apply a thoracic binder to prevent excessive tension on the tube.
  • Clamp the tubing securely to prevent a rapid decline in pressure.

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